Fri. Nov 22nd, 2024
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December 16 is celebrated as ‘Vijay Diwas’ in India. The Government of India decided on 03 December 1971 to go to war with Pakistan to save Bengalis, Muslims and Hindus. This war was going on for 13 days between India and Pakistan.

Vijay Diwas 2023: 'Victory Day'; Bangladesh was born on the world map after the victory of India, 13 Day Our Hero's on Battlefield

Vijay Diwas 2023: December 16 is celebrated as ‘Victory Day’ in India. India not only participated in this war but also divided Pakistan into two parts and gave independence to Bangladesh. That day was December 16, 1971. India defeated Pakistan in this war and gave birth to Bangladesh on the world map.

The Government of India decided on 03 December 1971 to go to war with Pakistan to save Bengalis, Muslims and Hindus. This war lasted for 13 days between India and Pakistan. After that, Pakistani army surrendered to India with 93 thousand soldiers. It was the biggest victory of the Indian Army against Pakistan so far.

Cause of War:

Before 1971 Bangladesh was part of Pakistan

There was a part which was called ‘East Pakistan’. People in East Pakistan were beaten, exploited, women were raped and people were killed by Pakistani soldiers. India supported Bangladesh against the persecution of Pakistan. There was great discontent in East Pakistan against the military ruler of Pakistan, General Ayub Khan. On December 16, 1971, about 93 thousand Pakistani soldiers surrendered to the Indian Army under the leadership of Lieutenant General Jagjit Singh Arora, the commander of the Indian Army. This day is celebrated as Victory Day. After India’s victory, Bangladesh emerged on the world map.

Pakistan started the War, India painted the end:

The script of India’s victory and Pakistan’s crushing defeat had begun to be written then. When Pakistan started to think of war with India. His frogs jumped, monkeys started on the border. It continues even today. On December 3, 1971, the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was in Calcutta. Their meeting session starts there. At the same time, Pakistan attacked at 5:40 PM. Pakistan launched an air strike. His name of this war was Operation Genghis Khan. Pakistani aircraft carried out airstrikes on military bases in Pathankot, Srinagar, Amritsar and Jodhpur. Simultaneously 11 airbases were attacked by Pakistan. At that time, General Yahaya Khan was in command of Pakistan. The war bugle had sounded. The conch was blown. Indira Gandhi immediately called an emergency meeting. She left for Delhi. After reaching Palam Airport, he decided to address the nation and take news of Pakistan’s paper. War had broken out.

Indian Army also gave strong reply to Pakistan Army. Indian Air Force attacked Pakistan airbase. Along with the western border, the former border was also important for India. The country was caught in the scissors of war on both sides. It was necessary to strengthen the Mukti Vahini in Bangladesh. At that time the Indian Army was headed by General Sam Mankeshaw. He outlined Pakistan’s defeat. There were Indian Army personnel near Dhaka. Where there was a Pakistani base. The war started there. Saying this, the war fever rose and a fierce war began. Missile boats intercepted Pakistani ships. They were upset. The Indian Army has so vehemently watered down Pakistan’s plan to mobilize ammunition and troops in the Bay of Bengal and pressurize it with the help of the US that Pakistan’s confidence has been lost. This was also a big blow to America, which rushed to help Pakistan. Pakistan’s 7 gunboats, one submarine, two destroyers, 18 cargo and other communications services were lost.

Some important facts about the war:

• The war took place in view of the mistreatment of the people of East Pakistan (Bangladesh) and the election results of Pakistan. On 26 March 1971, East Pakistan officially declared secession.

• The then Prime Minister of India expressed full support to the freedom struggle of Bangladesh. The media reported widespread massacres of Bengalis and Hindus at the hands of the Pakistani army, forcing about 10 million people to flee to India. India also opened its borders for Bengali refugees.

• The Indo-Pak War effectively began after the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) launched airstrikes on airspace in northwestern India. In response, the Indian Air Force deployed about 4,000 fighters on the Western Front and about 2,000 on the Eastern Front. After this Pakistan Army deployed around 2800 and 30 fighter jets on both fronts. The Indian Air Force continued to operate air bases in Pakistan until the end of the war.

• The Indian Navy’s Western Naval Command attacked the port of Karachi in the midnight of 4–5 December, codenamed Trident. Pakistan had deployed its army on the western front. The Indian Army retaliated by occupying thousands of kilometers of Pakistani territory.

• In this war, around 8 thousand soldiers of Pakistan were killed, while 25 thousand soldiers were injured. At the same time, 3000 soldiers of India were martyred and 12000 soldiers were injured.

• The Mukti Vahini group in East Pakistan sided with the Indian Army to fight against the Pakistani Army. They received weapons and training from the Indian Army. The Soviet Union also supported India in the war.

• On the other hand, the American government of Richard Nixon provided financial and material assistance to Pakistan. At the end of the war, about 93 thousand Pakistani soldiers under the command of General Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi surrendered to the Indian Army.


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